Abstract :In the information society, citizens overcome the role of consumers and become prosumers of content in the network, since they are able to identify, evaluate, organize and make decisions about existing information. In the 21st century, citizens and nations face new challenges in pursuit of social, cultural and economic development. In this sense, media literacy becomes an indispensable tool that will make it possible to achieve personal and collective goals in this changing and multidimensional environment. The purpose of this research is to present a bibliographic review that allows to understand the foundations and the development of media literacy, emphasizing its importance in the Latin American environment.